Hi,
As previously outlined I would recommend ensuring the SQLServerWriter (Figure 1 below) is listed when
you run the command vssadmin list writers
from an elevated command prompt on the SQL-server node in the cluster that owns the DBs in question.
DPM relies on the VSS infrastructure to protect data. For SQL Protection we use the SQL VSS Writer, so if the SQLSeverWriter is not being listed when using the above
mentioned command we will need to figure out the cause of why SQLSeverWriter is not being listed if you find that it is not.
Also the below post may assist if you are facing issues with the SQLServerWriter not being listed.
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/f7e85741-c27a-4093-ba85-a9978989c291/sql-cluster-instance-doesnt-appear-on-dpm-2010?forum=dpmsqlbackup

Figure 1:
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Edited by
Dwayne Jackson IIMicrosoft employee
Wednesday, January 21, 2015 1:07 PM