When is this going to happen.  Its embarrassing that I'm still using the same bloody awful rule system that was there in 2000.

IF I move a mail from my inbox to a folder isn't it reasonable that I'll want all future mails from that sender to go there?  How hard would that be? 

Actually quite a bit harder than you might think as it would require a learning system with quite a few variables and exceptions. Note however that the first steps have been made with the Clutter feature;
https://blogs.office.com/2014/03/31/the-evolution-of-email/

Also note that you can quickly create a rule in about 4 clicks by right clicking on a message-> Rules-> Always Move Messages From...