After installing Windows 10, my stripped volume became RAW in Disk Management. I tried to clean the disks and recreate a new stripped volume, but it always fails when it's formatting the volume, showing "The format did not complete successfully" when using Disk Management and "DiskPart has encountered an error: The parameter is incorrect" when using diskpart.
I then tried to create a simple volume on the dynamic disk, but it failed with the same error.